A practical guide to understanding recurrent ear disease in dogs
By Dr Nicole Rous
Ear infections are one of the most common reasons dogs visit the vet. While many infections respond well to treatment, some dogs seem to experience the same problem repeatedly.
If your dog’s ear infections keep coming back, it’s important to understand that the infection itself is often only part of the story. In many cases, recurrent ear disease is a symptom of an underlying issue that also needs to be addressed.
What is an ear infection?
The term “ear infection” generally refers to inflammation and infection within the ear canal.
Affected dogs may develop an overgrowth of bacteria, yeast, or sometimes both. This can lead to discomfort and irritation within the ear.
Common signs include:
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Head shaking
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Scratching at the ears
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Redness within the ear canal
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A noticeable odour
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Brown, yellow, or black discharge
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Sensitivity when the ears are touched
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Holding the head to one side
Some dogs may also become quieter, less active, or reluctant to be handled because of discomfort.
Why do ear infections keep returning?
One of the biggest misconceptions is that recurrent ear infections are simply bad luck.
In reality, most dogs with ongoing ear problems have an underlying cause that creates an environment where infections are more likely to develop.
Allergies
Allergies are one of the most common causes of recurrent ear disease.
Dogs with environmental allergies or food allergies often develop inflammation within the ear canal. This inflammation can alter the normal environment of the ear and make infections more likely.
For some dogs, recurring ear infections may be one of the earliest signs of allergic disease.
Skin disease
The ear canal is lined with skin.
As a result, conditions that affect the skin can also affect the ears. Dogs with chronic skin inflammation often experience recurring ear issues as part of the same disease process.
Moisture and swimming
Dogs that swim frequently may be more prone to ear problems.
Excess moisture can create conditions that allow bacteria and yeast to thrive, particularly in dogs that already have underlying inflammation.
Ear anatomy
Some dogs are simply more predisposed to ear disease because of the shape of their ears.
Dogs with:
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Narrow ear canals
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Hairy ear canals
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Heavy or pendulous ears
may be more susceptible to recurring problems.
Underlying medical conditions
Less commonly, hormonal disorders or other health conditions can contribute to chronic skin and ear disease.
This is why recurrent infections sometimes require a broader investigation.
Why proper diagnosis matters
Not all ear infections are the same.
Different infections may involve:
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Yeast
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Bacteria
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Inflammatory disease
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A combination of factors
A veterinary examination and ear cytology (looking at ear samples under a microscope) often help determine exactly what is happening inside the ear.
Without identifying the cause, treatment may only provide temporary relief.
Can ear infections become serious?
Yes.
Chronic inflammation can gradually change the structure of the ear canal.
Over time, this may lead to:
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Thickening of the ear canal
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Narrowing of the ear canal
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Increased discomfort
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More frequent infections
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Hearing impairment in severe cases
This is one reason early treatment and long-term management are important.
What about cleaning the ears?
Many owners wonder whether regular ear cleaning will prevent infections.
The answer depends on the individual dog.
Some dogs benefit from routine ear cleaning, while others do not require it. Excessive cleaning can sometimes cause irritation if not done appropriately.
The best ear care plan depends on the dog’s underlying condition and should be tailored to their needs.
When should you see your vet?
It’s worth booking an appointment if your dog is:
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Frequently shaking their head
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Scratching at their ears
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Developing recurrent infections
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Showing signs of pain
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Producing ear discharge
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Developing a strong ear odour
The sooner the underlying cause is identified, the easier it is often to manage long term.
A practical approach to recurrent ear infections
Successful treatment usually involves more than simply treating the infection.
Long-term management may include:
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Investigating allergies
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Managing skin disease
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Appropriate ear cleaning
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Addressing underlying health conditions
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Regular monitoring
The goal is not only to clear the current infection but also to reduce the likelihood of future flare-ups.
Final thoughts
Recurring ear infections are often a sign that something else is happening beneath the surface.
While infections can usually be treated successfully, identifying the underlying cause is often the key to achieving lasting improvement.
By taking a broader approach to ear health, we can help keep dogs more comfortable and reduce the frustration of repeated infections for both pets and their owners.